Busy transactions approached a commercial revolution, carried on by rapid calculations on the abacus, a specialized service skill that remained unmatched until the appearance of adding machines and computers. Hechang(cloak made of cranes' down) was long and loose.
Religious beliefs and social organization, Dynastic authority and the succession of emperors, The Dong (Eastern) Jin (317–420) and later dynasties in the south (420–589), The Shiliuguo (Sixteen Kingdoms) in the north (303–439), The barbarians: Tangut, Khitan, and Juchen, The court’s relations with the bureaucracy, Internal solidarity during the decline of the Nan Song, Changes under Kublai Khan and his successors, The antiforeign movement and the second Opium War (Arrow War), Industrialization for “self-strengthening”, Reformist and revolutionist movements at the end of the dynasty, The development of the republic (1912–20), The Nationalist government from 1928 to 1937, Conflicts within the international alliance, Phase three: approaching crisis (1944–45), Reconstruction and consolidation, 1949–52, New directions in national policy, 1958–61, Leaders of the People’s Republic of China since 1949.
Some of these developments were the outgrowths of earlier patterns, while others were largely born under that dynasty.
(China was the first country to do so.). People enjoyed various social clubs and entertainment in the cities, and there were many schools and temples to provide the people with education and religious services. For example, cyan was for officials above the ninth grade; green, above the seventh grade; red, above the fifth grade; and purple, above the third grade. Along the highways and branching byways stood private hostels and inns frequented by private traders.
The imperial tea culture and common people’s tea culture were connected by the scholars-officials.
State monopoly agencies in salt and tea followed with their respective certificates, which were as good as money. The extraordinarily rapid pace of economic and technological change that marked the Bei Song seems to have slowed during the Nan Song.
Costume the Song Dynasty (960-1279) was simple and natural, reflecting the development tendency of the era.
The cup of tea with the water marks shown the last wins! Thus, the tea horse trade became an important border trade. Some of the largest cities in the world were found in China during this period (Kaifeng and Hangzhou had populations of over a million). During the Song the notorious practice of foot binding first became common, clearly marking a fall in the status of women, but there is evidence that during the Nan Song (unlike any other Chinese dynasty) daughters as well as sons could inherit property in their own names.
Indeed, scholars today talk of a Song economic revolution. Teahouses, wine shops, exquisite cuisines, and catering services for private parties existed in multitude and variety. Despite this slowing of economic and technological development, however, the Song did give birth to changes.
If the liquor is pure white, it indicates that tea leaves were tender, and the production was just right.
Pleasure grounds provided daily amusement and festival merriment with acrobats, jugglers, wrestlers, sword swallowers, snake charmers, fireworks, gambling, performing arts of all sorts, puppet shows, storytellers, singing girls, and professionally trained courtesans. By and large, the rank system of officials of the Song Dynasty followed that of the Tang Dynasty, so official costumes in the palace during the two dynasties were similar, both falling into the following categories,Chaofu(court costumes),Jifu(ceremonial costumes),Gongfu(formal robes),Rongfu(military uniforms),Sangfu(funeral costumes) andShifu(seasonal costumes). If the tea froth fades out quickly – a sign of poor dian cha technique, there will be water marks shown where the liquor meets the inside of the cup.
Tea during this period involves many aspects such as politics, economy, literature and social customs. In some areas, such as the delta lands immediately south of the Yangtze River, sizable estates grew up with a complicated social pattern characterized by tenant farming. As tea became more and more important in the daily life of the society, the economy of tea industry developed rapidly in the Song dynasty. To this day, it is still customary to serve tea to both bride’s and groom’s parents by the newlyweds in China. Knowledge expanded because of specialization.
Some Chinese merchants began to settle in Southeast Asia. How to Make Jasmine Tea Sweet (Not Bitter)? Beiyuan was famous for its imperial tribute tea gardens. Improved tools, new implements, and mechanical devices that raised manpower efficiency were widely used and found their way into guidebooks used by the literate community leaders. The gown for an official was made of brocade, and that for a non-official was made of white cloth. Nonetheless, prosperity was the keynote of urban life.
It was regarded as a supreme honour to receive the tea from the emperors. Duanhe(coarse cloth jacket) was short clothes made of coarse cloth worn by poor people.
Porcelain, Northern Song Dynasty In science, the world's earliest typography was invented by a man named Bi Sheng.
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