Although this Goddess is associated with Lower Egypt her roles and mythology often become merged with Sekhmet another feline Goddess from Upper Egypt. Hathor is another goddess who underwent a dramatic change from bloodthirsty destroyer to gentle friend of humanity as she was originally the lioness deity Sekhmet whom Ra sent to earth to destroy humans for their sins. She was also often shown with kittens. She was also known by several different names including Bastet, Basthet, Boubastis Ubasti and Pasht. Omissions? Although she was the only Cat Goddess in Egyptian Mythology, there were other feline Goddesses including: Menhit, Pakhet and Sekhmet. The fire goddesses represent the element of fire in its many different forms; from the spectacular volcano Goddesses to the more benign Goddesses of the hearth fire. (115). One of the most important aspects of Bastet's festival was the delivery of mummified cats to her temple. In this story, Bastet takes on the form of a beautiful woman to punish a wrong-doer who had violated a tomb but the story would also have been cautionary to men who viewed women only as sexual objects in that they could never know whether they were actually in the presence of a goddess and what might happen should they offend her. Statues of this Egyptian Goddess would be placed in households to protect them from thieves. The popularity of this goddess, however, made her celebration of particular significance in Egyptian culture. Geraldine Pinch claims that "her name probably means She of the Ointment Jar" as she was associated with protection and protective ointments (115). The historian Polyaenus (2nd … The iconography of the goddess changed, however, perhaps as her nature began to be viewed as milder than that of other lioness deities. Since the Second Dynasty, Bastet was worshiped as … These special rattles were used to celebrate her festivals. Bastetby Trustees of the British Museum (Copyright). Bastet is sometimes rendered in art with a litter of kittens at her feet but her most popular depiction is of a sitting cat gazing ahead. With the documents signed he again moves toward her but, no, she has a third demand: his children must be killed so that they will not try to renege on the agreement and embroil her in a long, drawn-out court battle. While they are signing the papers Taboubu disappears into another room and returns wearing a linen dress so sheer that he can see "every part of her body through it" and his desire for her grows almost uncontrollable. The Goddess was linked to the music and dance due to the special rattle that she carried known as the Sistrum. Shortly afterwards he is in Memphis, near the Temple of Ptah, when he sees a beautiful woman accompanied by her servants and lusts after her. Bastet, also called Bast, ancient Egyptian goddess worshiped in the form of a lioness and later a cat. by Trustees of the British Museum (Copyright), by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin (CC BY-NC-SA), by Mary Harrsch (Photographed at the Rosicrucian Egyptian Museum, Calif.) (CC BY-NC-SA). As they travel by river to Bubastis, whenever they come near any other town they bring their boat near the bank; then some of the women do as I have said, while some shout mockery of the women of the town; others dance, and others stand up and lift their skirts. Ancient History Encyclopedia. Our latest articles delivered to your inbox, once a week: Numerous educational institutions recommend us, including Oxford University and Michigan State University and University of Missouri. Consort: In addition to being Ra's daughter she was also his consort. A Patron Goddess of fire fighters due to the unusual Egyptian belief that if a cat ran through a burning household she would draw the flames out behind her. Although she initially began as a goddess of the sun based on her father’s powers, her appearance was predominantly feline, and it changed over time from a wild lioness to a domesticated cat. Small figures of cats were also worn as amulets; this too was probably related to the cult of Bastet. Weaknesses: Chameleon like and fierce when threatened. We have also been recommended for educational use by the following publications: Ancient History Encyclopedia Foundation is a non-profit organization registered in Canada. Her origins go back to a time long before cats were domesticated in Egypt. As noted, she was as popular among men as women in that every man had a mother, sister, girlfriend, wife, or daughter who benefited from the care Bastet provided. You may be drawn to this stereotype if you are looking to attract a new lover or to re-ignite the fire in an existing relationship. Bast (known as “Bastet” in later times to emphasise that the “t” was to be pronounced) was one of the most popular goddesses of ancient Egypt. The "slaughterers of Bastet" were said to inflict plague and other disasters on humanity. It was here that the remains of over 300 000 cats mummies were discovered. This association was carried on in depictions of Bastet's son Maahes, protector of the innocent, who is shown as a lion-headed man carrying a long knife or as a lion. Setna then understands he has been punished for his transgression in the tomb and quickly returns the book. Later the Egyptian cat Goddess was depicted with the head of a domestic cat, representing her more nurturing aspects. She was worshipped in temples and households throughout the whole of the lower Nile region. The Tale of Setna and Taboubu (part of the work known as First Setna or Setna I) is the middle section of a work of Egyptian literature composed in Roman Egypt history and currently held by the Cairo Museum in Egypt. Although Herodotus claims that this festival outstripped all others in magnificence and excess, in reality there were many festivals celebrating many gods which could claim the same. A stone wall, carven with figures, runs round it; within is a grove of very tall trees growing round a great shrine, wherein is the image of the goddess; the temple is a square, each side measuring a furlong. She was the daughter of the sun god Ra and is associated with the concept of the Eye of Ra (the all-seeing eye) and the Distant Goddess (a female deity who leaves Ra and returns to bring transfromation). It was here that the remains of over 300 000 cats mummies were discovered. Please note that content linked from this page may have different licensing terms. and became the most popular Egyptian "religion" in 950 B.C.E. Pharaoh informs him that his children still live and that everything he has experienced has been an illusion.
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